Environmental Education Integrates Individuals’ Nature-Connectedness to Improve their Health Conditions

Authors

  • Urooj Fatima Research Scholar, Department of Education, Jinnah University for Women, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
  • Dr. Anila Fatima Shakil Professor, Department of Education, Jinnah University for Women, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
  • Salma Niazi Lecturer, Department of English, Jinnah University for Women, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55737/psi.2025d-44116

Keywords:

Environmental Education, Nature’s Connection, Secondary School Level, Students, Teachers, Physical Health, Mental Health

Abstract

Extensive development of technological, household, and entertainment equipment, online studies, and remote jobs have vastly altered humans’ lifestyles that restrict regular nature exposure and outdoor activities, promoting a confined living standard. This reduced contact puts adverse effects on individuals’ well-being. In contrast, appropriate nature-connectedness is immensely advantageous for humans’ physical and mental health. Therefore, this study discusses the impacts of natural environment on individuals’ well-being that could be successfully accomplished through Environmental Education because it incorporates natural environment in its sessions. This interrelatedness subsequently impacts students’ health conditions. So, the study is designed to investigate teachers’ perceptions regarding this matter. A cross-sectional, parallel exploratory research is used. The sample is teachers of secondary level (6 – 10) schools of North Karachi, 100 for quantitative data; selected through simple random sampling, 50 for qualitative data; selected through purposive sampling. Likert scale (five-points) and interview questions are designed for data collection that are analyzed through one-sample t-test on SPSS (Version 20) and thematic analysis respectively. The results show 29.149 and 30.001 t-test results against 1.984 critical value and allude towards the significance of EE, and a unanimous acceptance of utilizing EE to interact students with the natural environment to improve their health states.

Author Biography

  • Urooj Fatima, Research Scholar, Department of Education, Jinnah University for Women, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.

    Corresponding Author: ujf195@gmail.com 

References

Ardoin, N. M., Bowers, A. W., Roth, N. W., & Holthuis, N. (2018). Environmental Education and K-12 Student Outcomes: A Review and Analysis of Research. The Journal of Environmental Education, 49(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/00958964.2017.1366155

Boca, G. D., & Saraçlı, S. (2019). Environmental Education and Student’s Perception, for Sustainability. Sustainability, 11(6), Article e1553. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11061553

Bower, J. (2009, October 01). Chapter 5: Indoor Air Pollutants and Toxic Materials. CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/nceh/publications/books/housing/cha05.htm#

Bratman, G. N., Anderson, C. B., Berman, M. G., Cochran, B., Vries, S. D., Flanders, J., Folke, C., Frumkin, H., Gross, J. J., Hartig, T., Khan, P. H. Jr., Kuo, M., Lawler, J. J., Levin, P. S., Lindahi, T., Meyer-Lindenberg, A., Mitchell, R., Ouyang, Z., Roe, J., … Daily, G. C. (2019). Nature and Mental Health: An Ecosystem Service Perspective. Science Advances, 5(7). https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fsciadv.aax0903

Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using Thematic Analysis in Psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77 – 101. 10.1191/1478088706qp063oa

Briki, W., & Majed, L. (2019). Adaptive Effects of Seeing Green Environment on Psychophysiological Parameters When Walking or Running. Frontiers in Psychology, 10(252). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00252

Chang, K. K. P., Wong, F. K. Y., Chan, K. L., Wong, F., Ho, H. C., Wong, M. S., Ho, Y. S., Yuen, J. W. M., Siu, J. Y., & Yang, L. (2020). The Impact of the Environment on the Quality of Life and the Mediating Effects of Sleep and Stress. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(22), Article e8529. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17228529

Cheng, W., Wu, H., Wang, Z., & Liang, L. (2025). Association between Long-term Green Space Exposure and Dry Eye in China. Asia-Pacific of Ophthalmology, 14(3), Article e100165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apjo.2025.100165

Clements, J. M., Chenyang, X., & McCright, A. M. (2014). An Examination of the ‘Greening of Christianity’ Thesis among Americans, 1993–2010. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 53(2), 373–391. https://doi.org/10.1111/jssr.12116

CUBICOON. (2021, September 16). 8 Positive Effects of Urban Green Spaces on the Environment and the People. https://cubicoon.com/2021/09/16/8-positive-effects-of-urban-green-spaces-on-the-environment-and-the-people/

Danielraja, R. (2019). A Study of Environmental Awareness of Students at Higher Secondary Level. Shanlax International Journal of Education, 7(3), 6–10. https://doi.org/10.34293/commerce.v8i1.916

Delagran, L. (n.d.). How does Nature Impacts Our Well-being? Taking Charge of Your Health & Wellbeing. https://www.takingcharge.csh.umn.edu/how-does-nature-impact-our-wellbeing

Diener, A., & Mudu, P. (2021). How Can Vegetation Protect Us from Air Pollution? A Critical Review on Green Spaces' Mitigation Abilities for Air-borne Particles from A Public Health Perspective - With Implications for Urban Planning. Science of the Total Environment, 7, Article e148605. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148605

Ekenga, C. C., Sprague, N., & Shobiye, D. M. (2019). Promoting Health-related Quality of Life in Minority Youth through Environmental Education and Nature Contact. Sustainability, 11(13), Article e3544. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11133544

Elliot, A. J. (2015). Color and Psychological Functioning: A Review of Theoretical and Empirical Work. Frontiers in Psychology, 6(368). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00368

Erhabor, N. I., & Don, J. U. (2016). Impact of Environmental Education on the Knowledge and Attitude of Students towards the Environment. International Journal of Environmental & Science Education, 11(12), 5367–5375. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1115646.pdf

Ferrans, C. E., Zerwic, J. J., Wilbur, J. E., & Larson, J. L. (2005). Conceptual Model of Health-Related Quality of Life. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 37(4), 336 – 342. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1547-5069.2005.00058.x

Filho, W. L., & Granvik, M. (2020). Special Issue “Environmental Education for Sustainability.” Retrieved July 19, 2022 from https://www.mdpi.com/journal/sustainability/specialissues/EnvironmentalEducationSustainability

Gatti, R. C. (2016). Trends in Human Development and Environmental Protection. International Journal of Environmental Studies, 73(2), 268–276. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207233.2016.1148447

Gidlow, C. J., Jones, M. V., Hurst, G., Masterson, D., Clark-Carter, D., Tarvainen, M. P., Smith, G., & Nieuwenhuijsen, M. (2016). Where to Put Your Best Foot Forward: Psycho-Physiological Responses to Walking in Natural and Urban Environments. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 45, 22–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2015.11.003

Gopinath, G., Jalandharachari, A. S., Sumalini, T., Vijayalekshmi, N. S., & Paul, I. (2023). Protecting the Environment and Promoting Mental Health - A Case for Early Educational Intervention. European Economic Letters, 13(4), 327 – 338. https://www.eelet.org.uk/index.php/journal/article/view/591

Grimmette, K. A. (2014). The Impacts of Environmental Education on Youth and their Environmental Awareness. [Bachelor’s Thesis, University of Nebraska]. University of Nebraska Lincoln.

Guerra, K., Urdanivia-Ruiz, D., Hernandez, R., & Mejía, V. L. V. (2024). Importance of Environmental Education in the Context of Natural Sustainability. Natural and Engineering Sciences, 9(1), 87 – 71. 10.28978/nesciences.1473461

Harrison, C. (2023, February 9). Importance of Environmental Education in Our Lives. Florida Conservation Coalition Organization. https://floridaconservationcoalition.org/importance-of-environmental-education-in-our-lives/

Harvard T. H. Chan. (2024, January 02). Time Spent in Nature can Boost Physical and Mental Well-being. https://hsph.harvard.edu/news/time-spent-in-nature-can-boost-physical-and-mental-well-being/

Jimison, R. (2017, June 05). Why We All Need Green in Our Lives. CNN Health. https://edition.cnn.com/2017/06/05/health/colorscope-green-environment-calm/index.html

Jonas, J. B., Ang, M., Cho, P., Guggenheim, J. A., He, M. G., Jong, M., Logan, N. S., Liu, M., Morgan, I., Ohno-Matsui, K., Pärssinen, O., Resnikoff, S., Sankaridurg, P., Saw, S-M., Smith 3rd , E. L., Tan, D. T. H., Walline, J. J., Wildsoet, C. F., Wu, P-C., Zhu, X., & Wolffsohn, J. S. (2021). IMI Prevention of Myopia and its Progression. Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, 62(5), 6. https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.62.5.6

Kruize, H., van der Vliet, N., Staatsen, B., Bell, R., Chiabai, A., Muiños, G., Higgins, S., Quiroga, S., Martinez-Juarez, P., Yngwe, M. A., Tsichlas, F., Karnaki, P., Lima, M. L., García de Jalón, S., Khan, M., Morris, G., & Stegeman, I. (2019). Urban Green Space: Creating a Triple Win for Environmental Sustainability, Health, and Health Equity through Behavior Change. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(22), Article e4403. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16224403

Kujoh, J. U., Ojong, A. A., Effiom, J. E., & Dan, F. A. (2020). Environmental Education as a Tool for Environmental Protection in Nigeria Universities. PalArch’s Journal of Archeology of Egypt/Egyptology, 17(9), 10462 – 10468. https://archives.palarch.nl/index.php/jae/article/download/8731/8133/17209

Lasino, Rukmana, A. Y., Mokodenseho, S., & Aziz, A. M. (2023). Environmental Education for Sustainable Development: A Bibliometric Review of Curriculum Design and Pedagogical Approaches. The Eastasouth Journal of Learning and Educations, 1(2), 65 – 75. https://doi.org/10.58812/esle.v1i02.108

Milupi, D. I., Mweemba L., & Mubita, K. (2023). Environmental Education and Community-Based Natural Resources Management in Zambia. In M. N. Suratman, E. A. Rahayu, E. Ariff, & S. Gandaseca (Eds.), Sustainable Management of Natural Resources (pp. 1 – 12). IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.108383

Mott, J. A., Wolfe, M. I., Alverson, C. J., Macdonald, S. C., Bailey, C. R., Ball, L. B., Moorman, J. E., Somers, J. H., Mannino, D. M., Redd, S. C. (2002). National Vehicle Emissions Policies and Practices and Declining US Carbon Monoxide-Related Mortality. JAMA, 288(8), 988–995. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.288.8.988hk

Nutsford, D., Pearson, A. L., & Kingham, S. (2013). An Ecological Study Investigating the Association between Access to Urban Green Space and Mental Health. Public Health, 127(11), 1005–1011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2013.08.016

Riordan, M., Klein, E. J. (2010). Environmental Education in Action: How Expeditionary Learning Schools Support Classroom Teachers in Tackling Issues of Sustainability. Teacher Education Quarterly, 37(4), 119–134. https://www.jstor.org/stable/23479463

Rychnovský, B. (2010). Environmental Education and Health (Health Education). School and Health, 21, 161 – 169. https://www.ped.muni.cz/z21/knihy/2010/27/27/texty/eng/rychnovsky_e.pdf

Samson-Akpan, P. E. (2008). Environmental Health Education as a Tool for Environmental Protection.

Sandoval, K. J. (1998). Using Environmental Education to Integrate Persons with Mental Illness into the Community. [Master’s Thesis]. Thesis Digitization Project. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1789/

Shutaleva, A., Nikonova, Z., Savchenko, I., & Martyushev, N. (2020). Environmental Education for Sustainable Development in Russia. Sustainability, 12(18), Article e7742. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12187742

Song, C., Ikei, H., Igarashi, M., Miwa, M., Takagaki, M., Miyazaki, Y. (2014). Physiological and Psychological Responses of Young Males during Spring-Time Walks in Urban Parks. Journal of Physiological Anthropology, 33(8). https://doi.org/10.1186/1880-6805-33-8

Song, C., Ikei, H., Igarashi, M., Takagaki, M., & Miyazaki, Y. (2015). Physiological and Psychological Effects of a Walk in Urban Parks in Fall. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 12(11), 14216–14228. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph121114216

Thompson, C. W., Jenny, R., Aspinall, P., Mitchell, R., Clow, A., & Miller, D. (2012). More Green Space is Linked to Less Stress in Deprived Communities: Evidence from Salivary Cortisol Patterns. Landscape and Urban Planning, 105(3), 221–229. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2011.12.015

Tianyu, J., & Meng, L. (2020). Does Education Increase Pro-environmental Willingness to Pay? Evidence from Chinese Household Survey. Journal of Cleaner Production, 275, Article e122713. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.122713

United States Environmental Protection Agency. (2022, September 07). Benefits of Green Infrastructure. https://www.epa.gov/green-infrastructure/benefits-green-infrastructure

University of Washington. (2018, August 16). Green Cities: Good Health.

Whitburn, J., Abrahamse, W., & Linklater, W. (2023). Do Environmental Education Fieldtrips Strengthen Children's Connection to Nature and Promote Environmental Behaviour or Wellbeing? Current Research in Ecological and Social Psychology, 5, Article e100163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cresp.2023.100163

White, M. P., Alcock, I., Wheeler, B. W., & Depledge, M. H. (2013). Would You Be Happier Living in a Greener Urban Area? A Fixed-Effects Analysis of Panel Data. Psychological Science, 24(6), 920–928. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797612464659

Wu, Y., Wan, J., & Yu, W. (2023). Impact of Environmental Education on Environmental Quality under the Background of Low-Carbon Economy. Frontiers in Public Health, 11, Article e1128791. 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1128791

Xiong, S., Sankaridurg, P., Naduvilath, T., Zang, J., Zou, H., Zhu, J., Lv, M., He, X., & Xu, X. (2017). Time Spent in Outdoor Activities in Relation to Myopia Prevention and Control: A Meta-analysis and Systematic Review. Acta Ophthalmologica, 95(6), 551 – 566. https://doi.org/10.1111/aos.13403

Downloads

Published

2025-11-06

Issue

Section

Articles

How to Cite

Fatima, U., Shakil, A. F., & Niazi, S. (2025). Environmental Education Integrates Individuals’ Nature-Connectedness to Improve their Health Conditions. ProScholar Insights, 4(4), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.55737/psi.2025d-44116